FIThydrowiki - User contributions [en]

Talk:Complete or partial migration barrier removal

2020-05-02T09:54:07Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Introduction== I miss more references and a broader definition, to be more similar to other sections~~~~Jsanz ==Image== Reference it properly~~~~Jsanz"

==Introduction==
I miss more references and a broader definition, to be more similar to other sections[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:54, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:54, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Truck transport

2020-05-02T09:51:42Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Introduction== I miss references to be more similar to other sections, and more examples in other countries~~~~Jsanz ==Image== Reference it properly~~~~Jsanz"

==Introduction==
I miss references to be more similar to other sections, and more examples in other countries[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:51, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:51, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Fishways for eels and lampreys

2020-05-02T09:49:17Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Introduction== I miss more references to be more similar to other sections~~~~Jsanz ==Image== Reference it properly~~~~Jsanz"

==Introduction==
I miss more references to be more similar to other sections[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:49, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:49, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Fish lifts, screws, locks, and others

2020-05-02T09:44:34Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Introduction== More references are needed, both generic (DVWK, 2002; Larinier et al., 2002) and specific for each test case or country (i.e. for Iberian test case): Cabral,..."

==Introduction==
More references are needed, both generic (DVWK, 2002; Larinier et al., 2002) and specific for each test case or country (i.e. for Iberian test case):
Cabral, U. M., Marinho, A. L., Branco, E. M., Santos, J. M., & Pádua, J. Fish lift performance for upstream fish passage at a large hydroelectric power plant in Touvedo, Portugal.[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:44, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Nature-like fishways

2020-05-02T09:37:05Z

Jsanz: /* Introduction */

==Introduction==
Three times more info than baffle fishways
Definition could be more specific, due to nature-like fisways are both ramps and by-passess, if so, the first sentence should be re-write "...mimic natural side channels ..."[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Name of fish==
Try to avoid names as carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other
Include more species/families than salmon and trout, related to test cases: i.e. cyprinids as barbel, nase, minnow, chub...; grayling... others...[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==References==
Ok, listed in reference list.docx
I miss more references[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Nature-like fishways

2020-05-02T09:33:08Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Introduction== Three times more info than baffle fishways~~~~Jsanz ==Name of fish== Try to avoid names as carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other Include..."

==Introduction==
Three times more info than baffle fishways[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Name of fish==
Try to avoid names as carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other
Include more species/families than salmon and trout, related to test cases: i.e. cyprinids as barbel, nase, minnow, chub...; grayling... others...[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==References==
Ok, listed in reference list.docx
I miss more references[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:33, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Nature-like fishways

2020-05-02T09:29:03Z

Jsanz: /* During planning */

[[file:icon_upstream.png|right|150px|link=[[Upstream fish migration]]]]
=Introduction=
[[file:nature_like_fishway_gunz_square.jpg|thumb|250px|Figure 1: Nature-like fishway in the River Günz, Germany.]]

Nature-like fishways mimic natural side channels and are placed next to migration barriers (Calles et al. 2015), and it has been proven good functioning for migration of most fish species, also for slow swimmers, juvenile fish and benthos (Calles et al. 2013). A nature-like fishway should be the first choice when a barrier cannot be removed or combined with a ramp, and there is enough space for the construction. For downstream migration, this type of fishway can also be used, but usually requiring additional structures in the main river (e.g. physical obstacles and guiding elements for migratory fish). In addition to functioning as an upstream migration corridor, natural habitats are also created in a nature-like fishway.

The entrance to the passage should have a defined attraction flow for fish and should be placed close to the migration barrier and in the migration path of the fish. This increases the likelihood that migrating fish will find the entrance to the passage. The location of the entrance area may vary by different river discharges and different fish species, and this should be considered when designing, for example with V-shaped entrance profile, slots in the tahlweg and high bed roughness. In larger rivers and multi species communities, multiple entrances may be required. Also, at the water intake a sloped design that goes down to the river bottom is beneficial, since such a design can withstand a wide range of river discharge. It is not necessary to use sluices that control the water flow in the circulation, but these may still be practical. However, sluice gates must not close the migration corridor. Therefore, the gates should open from the side so that a vertical slot occurs at opening.

The fishway itself is designed as a river reach past the migration obstacle and is led into or above the dammed area. Many natural-like fishways have been designed as a step-by-step with stable threshold pool sequences. With this the bypass can be relatively short (gradient = 0.1 for salmon). However, it is also possible to design the bypass with lower gradient as riffles, or pool-riffle sequences with dynamic substrate, within erosion-proof boundaries. For salmon and trout, the height difference on individual steps may be up to 50 cm (gradient 0.05-0.1, energy dissipation < 250 W/m3). For adult salmon and anadromous brown trout in steep rivers and large bypasses (> 1 m3/s), the height difference may exceptionally be up to 75 cm if there is a deeper pool below. For grayling and inland trout, height differences of maximum 20 cm (gradient about 0.05-0.08 and with energy dissipation < 150 W/m3) and for carp fishes 10-15 cm (gradient 0.01-0.05 and with energy dissipation < 100-150 W/m3) is recommended (DWA 2014; Dumont et al. 2005).

It is often beneficial to establish border vegetation along the fishway to create shelter for migratory fishes. Dimensioning bypass discharge is selected to create a water corridor with sufficient water depth. For most species this depth will be between 1 m in pools and at least 0,3 m in riffles and over weirs. Dimensioning water discharge in nature-like fishways should be at least 0,5 m3/s for salmon, 0,35 m3/s for grayling and 0,2 m3/s for trout. Fishway discharge is also dependent on the size of the river. In Austria, it is recommended for nature-like fishways corresponding to at least 5% of the average river flow for rivers ≤ 20 m3 / s and at least 1-2% for larger rivers (AG-FAH 2011). We recommend using this as a guideline and the type of river, fish species and water supply in the main periods of migration should emphasized. The measure must be dimensioned to withstand floods (Fergus et al. 2010).

=[[Methods, tools, and devices]]=

==During planning==
Planning of a nature-like fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned. This includes measurements of water covered area, water edges and river slope and the bathymetry of the area. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The construction planning should be supported with simple hydraulic modelling or calculations, such as the models River2D, HEC-RAS 2D or OpenFoam. The physical adjustments should then be planned according to the hydraulic calculations, assuring a stable bottom substrate and hydraulic conditions suitable for fish migrations.

==During implementation==
Physical implementation of nature-like fishways requires heavy machinery suited for the river size and its surrounding terrain, such as excavators and lorries. It must be considered how the different parts of the banks, such as rocks and boulder, can be used as elements in the new habitat. Under normal conditions, none or only small volumes of substrate need to be transported to or from the construction site. Here, it is crucial that the labor involved has the relevant experience to make the best decisions while adjusting the physical habitat and that they have the required understanding of the planning documents and purpose of the measures.

==During operation==
Physical habitat measures in regulated rivers must often be maintained to ensure that functions related to flow and sediments are restored, such as flood events and connectivity of the sediments. The frequency of the maintenance will be site-specific

=Relevant MTDs and test cases=
{{Suitable MTDs for Nature-like fishways}}

=Classification table=
{{Nature-like fishways}}

=Relevant literature=

[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]

Talk:Pool-type fishways

2020-05-02T09:19:25Z

Jsanz:

==Funcionality==
This sentence is not appropiate: "This fish passage type is suited for strong swimmers, such as adult salmon and trout, while it often has reduced functionality for other species of fishes and juvenile fish".

This type of fishways has been proven efficient for many fish species (cyprinidids) (Sanz-Ronda et al., 2016, 2019; Bravo et al., 2018; Branco et al. 2012, ... Ovidio et al, 2017 ...

Sanz-Ronda, F. J., Bravo-Córdoba, F. J., Fuentes-Pérez, J. F., & Castro-Santos, T. (2016). Ascent ability of brown trout, Salmo trutta, and two Iberian cyprinids− Iberian barbel, Luciobarbus bocagei, and northern straight-mouth nase, Pseudochondrostoma duriense− in a vertical slot fishway. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, (417), 10.

Sanz-Ronda, F. J., Bravo-Córdoba, F. J., Sánchez-Pérez, A., García-Vega, A., Valbuena-Castro, J., Fernandes-Celestino, L., ... & Oliva-Paterna, F. J. (2019). Passage Performance of Technical Pool-Type Fishways for Potamodromous Cyprinids: Novel Experiences in Semiarid Environments. Water, 11(11), 2362.

Bravo-Córdoba, F. J., Sanz-Ronda, F. J., Ruiz-Legazpi, J., Valbuena-Castro, J., & Makrakis, S. (2018). Vertical slot versus submerged notch with bottom orifice: Looking for the best technical fishway type for Mediterranean barbels. Ecological Engineering, 122, 120-125.

Branco, P., Santos, J. M., Katopodis, C., Pinheiro, A., & Ferreira, M. T. (2013). Effect of flow regime hydraulics on passage performance of Iberian chub (Squalius pyrenaicus)(Günther, 1868) in an experimental pool-and-weir fishway. Hydrobiologia, 714(1), 145-154.

Ovidio, M., Sonny, D., Dierckx, A., Watthez, Q., Bourguignon, S., de le Court, B., ... & Benitez, J. P. (2017). The use of behavioural metrics to evaluate fishway efficiency. River Research and Applications, 33(9), 1484-1493.[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:11, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Dimensions==
Length, width, water drops... should fit (and reference) with general recommendations established by guide-documents: DVWK 2002; Lariner et al., 2002... and/or by the excel sheets we did for Fithydro[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:11, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Name of fish==
Try to avoid names as carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other
Include more species/families than salmon and trout, related to test cases: i.e. cyprinids as barbel, nase, minnow, chub...; grayling... others...[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:19, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:15, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

References
Ok, listed in reference list.docx[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:15, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Pool-type fishways

2020-05-02T09:15:32Z

Jsanz:

==Funcionality==
This sentence is not appropiate: "This fish passage type is suited for strong swimmers, such as adult salmon and trout, while it often has reduced functionality for other species of fishes and juvenile fish".

This type of fishways has been proven efficient for many fish species (cyprinidids) (Sanz-Ronda et al., 2016, 2019; Bravo et al., 2018; Branco et al. 2012, ... Ovidio et al, 2017 ...

Sanz-Ronda, F. J., Bravo-Córdoba, F. J., Fuentes-Pérez, J. F., & Castro-Santos, T. (2016). Ascent ability of brown trout, Salmo trutta, and two Iberian cyprinids− Iberian barbel, Luciobarbus bocagei, and northern straight-mouth nase, Pseudochondrostoma duriense− in a vertical slot fishway. Knowledge and Management of Aquatic Ecosystems, (417), 10.

Sanz-Ronda, F. J., Bravo-Córdoba, F. J., Sánchez-Pérez, A., García-Vega, A., Valbuena-Castro, J., Fernandes-Celestino, L., ... & Oliva-Paterna, F. J. (2019). Passage Performance of Technical Pool-Type Fishways for Potamodromous Cyprinids: Novel Experiences in Semiarid Environments. Water, 11(11), 2362.

Bravo-Córdoba, F. J., Sanz-Ronda, F. J., Ruiz-Legazpi, J., Valbuena-Castro, J., & Makrakis, S. (2018). Vertical slot versus submerged notch with bottom orifice: Looking for the best technical fishway type for Mediterranean barbels. Ecological Engineering, 122, 120-125.

Branco, P., Santos, J. M., Katopodis, C., Pinheiro, A., & Ferreira, M. T. (2013). Effect of flow regime hydraulics on passage performance of Iberian chub (Squalius pyrenaicus)(Günther, 1868) in an experimental pool-and-weir fishway. Hydrobiologia, 714(1), 145-154.

Ovidio, M., Sonny, D., Dierckx, A., Watthez, Q., Bourguignon, S., de le Court, B., ... & Benitez, J. P. (2017). The use of behavioural metrics to evaluate fishway efficiency. River Research and Applications, 33(9), 1484-1493.[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:11, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Dimensions==
Length, width, water drops... should fit (and reference) with general recommendations established by guide-documents: DVWK 2002; Lariner et al., 2002... and/or by the excel sheets we did for Fithydro[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:11, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Reference it properly[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:15, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

References
Ok, listed in reference list.docx[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 09:15, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T09:13:52Z

Jsanz: /* References */

==Definition sentence==
Maybe the definition sentence could be clearer, i.e.:
The principle aim of baffle fishways is to reduce the mean velocity of the flow by placing a series of baffles on the floor and/or walls of a straight channel, which has a rectangular cross-section and a relatively steep slope. These baffles, in shapes of varying complexity, cause secondary helical currents to form which ensure an extremely efficient dissipation of energy in the flow through intense transfer of the momentum (Larinier et al., 2002)[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Use of non-salmonids in this type of fishways==
There are many reference about it, i.e.:
This type of fishways can also be used for non-salmonid fish by reducing the slope to 10 % (0.1 m/m) (Bunt et al., 2001; Mallen-Cooper et al., 2007).

Bunt, C. M., Van Poorten, B. T., & Wong, L. (2001). Denil fishway utilization patterns and passage of several warmwater species relative to seasonal, thermal and hydraulic dynamics. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 10(4), 212-219.

Mallen‐Cooper, M., & Stuart, I. G. (2007). Optimising Denil fishways for passage of small and large fishes. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 14(1), 61-71.
[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Name of fish==
Try to avoid names as white fish, or carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other [[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:40, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Use and image of one the study cases, and reference it properly.[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:43, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz 10:30

==References==
Ok, listed in reference list.docx[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:43, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T09:13:36Z

Jsanz: /* References */

==Definition sentence==
Maybe the definition sentence could be clearer, i.e.:
The principle aim of baffle fishways is to reduce the mean velocity of the flow by placing a series of baffles on the floor and/or walls of a straight channel, which has a rectangular cross-section and a relatively steep slope. These baffles, in shapes of varying complexity, cause secondary helical currents to form which ensure an extremely efficient dissipation of energy in the flow through intense transfer of the momentum (Larinier et al., 2002)[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Use of non-salmonids in this type of fishways==
There are many reference about it, i.e.:
This type of fishways can also be used for non-salmonid fish by reducing the slope to 10 % (0.1 m/m) (Bunt et al., 2001; Mallen-Cooper et al., 2007).

Bunt, C. M., Van Poorten, B. T., & Wong, L. (2001). Denil fishway utilization patterns and passage of several warmwater species relative to seasonal, thermal and hydraulic dynamics. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 10(4), 212-219.

Mallen‐Cooper, M., & Stuart, I. G. (2007). Optimising Denil fishways for passage of small and large fishes. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 14(1), 61-71.
[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Name of fish==
Try to avoid names as white fish, or carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other [[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:40, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Use and image of one the study cases, and reference it properly.[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:43, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz 10:30

==References==
Ok, listed in referene list.docx[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:43, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Pool-type fishways

2020-05-02T09:11:35Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Funcionality== This sentence is not appropiate: "This fish passage type is suited for strong swimmers, such as adult salmon and trout, while it often has reduced functionali..."

Pool-type fishways

2020-05-02T08:52:47Z

Jsanz: /* Introduction */

[[file:icon_upstream.png|right|150px|link=[[Upstream fish migration]]]]
=Introduction=
[[file:pool_type_fishway_norway.png|thumb|250px|Figure 1: Pool-type fishway for salmon and trout in Norway.]]

Pool-type fishways is today the most common fish passage type in Europe (Silva et al. 2017, Fjeldstad 2012). It consists of pools separated by transverse walls with surface notches or submerged orifices. In addition, vertical slots all the way from the surface to the bottom can be used between the pools. This fish passage type is suited for strong swimmers, such as adult salmon and trout, while it often has reduced functionality for other species of fishes and juvenile fish. Benthos usually cannot pass through pool type fishways. Bottom cuts that improve conditions for these species tend to quickly be clogged (DWA 2014) and are usually not suitable for eels and lamprey (Armstrong et al., 2010). Pool type fishways requires stable water discharge to work. One exception is the vertical slot type, which is more flexible for upstream water level and discharge. Adjustable sluice gates can provide stable water flow at varying upstream water levels. This fishway type may be suitable for adult salmon and large trout even when the available terrain is steep.

It is recommended that the pools are at least 1.5 m long for trout and 2.8 m long for salmon (Seifert 2014, DWA 2014), preferably larger. Energy density should be below 200 W/m3. For leap level, max. 50 cm for salmon and trout is recommended. Exceptionally, up to 75 cm can work for adult salmon and sea trout in steep rivers, but then the pool depth should be at least 1.5 m. For resident trout and for grayling, maximum drop between pools should be 20 cm, and for carp fishes 10-15 cm. Ideally, however, one should make vertical slot fishways for these species. The slots should be deeper than the drop height between pools, so that the fish can mainly swim between the pools and are not forced to jump (DWA 2014). For salmon and large trout, the fishway gradient should be between 0.1 and 0.2. For resident trout and carp fish, it should be below 0.1. Coarse or rough bottom substrates in the pools will facilitate migration, but this must always be balanced against reduced volume and water depth.

=[[Methods, tools, and devices]]=

==During planning==
Planning of a pool-type fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier, including information about the hydropower scheme. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned, including geological surveying. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The design of the fishway should be conducted with conventional hydraulic- and civil engineering calculations and drawing. All material used in a fishway must be planned to withstand physical strain from water, floods and frost. Monitoring facilities should basically be planned in the upper part of the fishway.

==During implementation==
Physical implementation of pool-type fishways requires heavy machinery suited for the river size and its surrounding terrain, such as excavators and lorries. Work with explosives is relevant in most cases and blasted rocks and transportation of material out from the site is common. Surplus rocks should not be disposed at site because of pollution risk. The construction phase includes construction of concrete formwork, casting of concrete and iron reinforcement work. In certain sites, pools are formed in clean rocks.

==During operation==
Injuries on pool-type fishways from physical wear must be monitored and repaired in order to secure regular fish migration. Maintenance work normally require hand-tools more than heavy equipment, but casting of concrete is typical. Depending of the site, removal of sediment, branches, logs and floating debris in pools and fishway entrance is common. Monitoring systems require regular inspection, depending on product and system.

=Relevant MTDs and test cases=
{{Suitable MTDs for Pool-type fishways}}

=Classification table=
{{Pool-type fishways}}

[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:43:58Z

Jsanz:

==Definition sentence==
Maybe the definition sentence could be clearer, i.e.:
The principle aim of baffle fishways is to reduce the mean velocity of the flow by placing a series of baffles on the floor and/or walls of a straight channel, which has a rectangular cross-section and a relatively steep slope. These baffles, in shapes of varying complexity, cause secondary helical currents to form which ensure an extremely efficient dissipation of energy in the flow through intense transfer of the momentum (Larinier et al., 2002)[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Use of non-salmonids in this type of fishways==
There are many reference about it, i.e.:
This type of fishways can also be used for non-salmonid fish by reducing the slope to 10 % (0.1 m/m) (Bunt et al., 2001; Mallen-Cooper et al., 2007).

Bunt, C. M., Van Poorten, B. T., & Wong, L. (2001). Denil fishway utilization patterns and passage of several warmwater species relative to seasonal, thermal and hydraulic dynamics. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 10(4), 212-219.

Mallen‐Cooper, M., & Stuart, I. G. (2007). Optimising Denil fishways for passage of small and large fishes. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 14(1), 61-71.
[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Name of fish==
Try to avoid names as white fish, or carp fish: maybe it's more correct use cyprinids or other [[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:40, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Image==
Use and image of one the study cases, and reference it properly.[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:43, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz 10:30

==References==
Ok, listed in referecne list.docx[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:43, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:40:59Z

Jsanz:

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:38:53Z

Jsanz: /* Definition sentence */

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:38:31Z

Jsanz:

==Definition sentence==
Maybe the definition sentence could be more clear, i.e.:
The principle aim of baffle fishways is to reduce the mean velocity of the flow by placing a series of baffles on the floor and/or walls of a straight channel, which has a rectangular cross-section and a relatively steep slope. These baffles, in shapes of varying complexity, cause secondary helical currents to form which ensure an extremely efficient dissipation of energy in the flow through intense transfer of the momentum (Larinier et al., 2002)[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==Use of non-salmonids in this type of fishways==
There are many reference about it, i.e.:
This type of fishways can also be used for non-salmonid fish by reducing the slope to 10 % (0.1 m/m) (Bunt et al., 2001; Mallen-Cooper et al., 2007).

Bunt, C. M., Van Poorten, B. T., & Wong, L. (2001). Denil fishway utilization patterns and passage of several warmwater species relative to seasonal, thermal and hydraulic dynamics. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 10(4), 212-219.

Mallen‐Cooper, M., & Stuart, I. G. (2007). Optimising Denil fishways for passage of small and large fishes. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 14(1), 61-71.
[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:34:22Z

Jsanz:

[[file:icon_upstream.png|right|150px|link=[[Upstream fish migration]]]]
=Introduction=
[[file:nature_likeshway_gunz_square.jpg|thumb|250px|Figure 1: ]]

Baffle fishways, including Denil, passes is also referred to as countercurrent fishways since it consists of special deflectors that lead to helical countercurrent currents, high energy conversion and reduced water velocities in the main pass . Fish species with high swimming capacity can swim right up in the water stream and a baffle fishway can be constructed relatively steep for salmon (gradient 0.2-0.25). However, the remaining current conditions are still turbulent and often water velocities are above 2 m/s. It has been shown that baffle fishways are unsuitable for most fish species and juvenile fish, including all carp fish, eels, white fish and grayling (DWA 2014). AG-FAH (2011) indicates that baffle fishways have not proven to work in practice. Armstrong (2010) writes that specially designed low gradient Denil fishways can work for several species, but they require certain hydraulic ramifications and are therefore not suitable for varying water discharges (Armstrong et al., 2010). The baffle fishway can be used at particularly steep fishway sites and may be suitable for adult salmon and trout for limited space and steep terrain. However, in most cases, other fishway types should be chosen.

=[[Methods, tools, and devices]]=

==During planning==
Planning of a baffle fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier, including information about the hydropower scheme. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned, including geological surveying. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The design of the fishway should be conducted with conventional hydraulic- and civil engineering calculations and drawing. All material used in a fishway must be planned to withstand physical strain from water, floods and frost. Monitoring facilities should basically be planned in the upper part of the fishway.

==During implementation==
Physical implementation of bafle fishways requires heavy machinery suited for the river size and its surrounding terrain, such as excavators and lorries. Work with explosives is relevant in most cases and blasted rocks and transportation of material out from the site is common. Surplus rocks should not be disposed at site because of pollution risk. The construction phase includes construction of concrete formwork, casting of concrete and iron reinforcement work.

==During operation==
Injuries on baffle fishways from physical wear must be monitored and repaired in order to secure regular fish migration. Maintenance work normally require hand-tools more than heavy equipment but casting of concrete is typical. Depending of the site, removal of sediment, branches, logs and floating debris in pools and fishway entrance is common. Monitoring systems require regular inspection, depending on product and system.

=Relevant MTDs and test cases=
{{Suitable MTDs for Baffle fishways}}
=Classification table=
{{Baffle fishways}}

=Relevant Literature=

[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:32:20Z

Jsanz:

==
Maybe the definition sentence could be more clear, i.e.:
The principle aim of baffle fishways is to reduce the mean velocity of the flow by placing a series of baffles on the floor and/or walls of a straight channel, which has a rectangular cross-section and a relatively steep slope. These baffles, in shapes of varying complexity, cause secondary helical currents to form which ensure an extremely efficient dissipation of energy in the flow through intense transfer of the momentum (Larinier et al., 2002)[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

==
There are many reference about the use of non-salmonids in this type of fishways, i.e.:
This type of fishways can also be used for non-salmonid fish by reducing the slope to 10 % (0.1 m/m) (Bunt et al., 2001; Mallen-Cooper et al., 2007).

Bunt, C. M., Van Poorten, B. T., & Wong, L. (2001). Denil fishway utilization patterns and passage of several warmwater species relative to seasonal, thermal and hydraulic dynamics. Ecology of Freshwater Fish, 10(4), 212-219.

Mallen‐Cooper, M., & Stuart, I. G. (2007). Optimising Denil fishways for passage of small and large fishes. Fisheries Management and Ecology, 14(1), 61-71.
[[User:Jsanz|Jsanz]] ([[User talk:Jsanz|talk]]) 08:32, 2 May 2020 (UTC)Jsanz

Talk:Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:25:09Z

Jsanz: Created page with "==Maybe the definition sentence could be more clear:"

==Maybe the definition sentence could be more clear:

Baffle fishways

2020-05-02T08:22:04Z

Jsanz:

[[file:icon_upstream.png|right|150px|link=[[Upstream fish migration]]]]
=Introduction=
[[file:nature_likeshway_gunz_square.jpg|thumb|250px|Figure 1: ]]

Baffle fishways, including Denil, passes is also referred to ''as countercurrent fishways since it consists of special deflectors that lead to helical countercurrent currents'' IMPROVE, high energy conversion and reduced water velocities in the main pass '''(1)'''. Fish species with high swimming capacity can swim right up in the water stream and a baffle fishway can be constructed relatively steep for salmon (gradient 0.2-0.25 ""m/m units or 20-25%""). However, the remaining current conditions are still turbulent and often water velocities are above 2 m/s. It has been shown that baffle fishways are unsuitable??? '''(2)''' for most fish species and juvenile fish, including all carp fish, eels, white fish and grayling (DWA 2014). AG-FAH (2011) indicates that baffle fishways have not proven to work in practice. Armstrong (2010) writes that specially designed low gradient Denil fishways can work for several species, but they require certain hydraulic ramifications???? and are therefore not suitable for varying water discharges (Armstrong et al., 2010). The baffle fishway can be used at particularly steep fishway sites and may be suitable for adult salmon and trout for limited space and steep terrain. However, in most cases, other fishway types should be chosen.

1) The principle aim of baffle fishways is to reduce the mean velocity of the flow by placing a series of baffles on the floor and/or walls of a straight channel, which has a rectangular cross-section and a relatively steep slope. These baffles, in shapes of varying complexity, cause secondary helical currents to form which ensure an extremely efficient dissipation of energy in the flow through intense transfer of the momentum (Larinier et al., 2002)

2) This type of fishways can also be used for non-salmonid fish by reducing the slope to 10 % (0.1 m/m) (Bunt et al., 2001; Mallen-Cooper et al., 2007).

=[[Methods, tools, and devices]]=

==During planning==
Planning of a baffle fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier, including information about the hydropower scheme. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned, including geological surveying. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The design of the fishway should be conducted with conventional hydraulic- and civil engineering calculations and drawing. All material used in a fishway must be planned to withstand physical strain from water, floods and frost. Monitoring facilities should basically be planned in the upper part of the fishway.

==During implementation==
Physical implementation of bafle fishways requires heavy machinery suited for the river size and its surrounding terrain, such as excavators and lorries. Work with explosives is relevant in most cases and blasted rocks and transportation of material out from the site is common. Surplus rocks should not be disposed at site because of pollution risk. The construction phase includes construction of concrete formwork, casting of concrete and iron reinforcement work.

==During operation==
Injuries on baffle fishways from physical wear must be monitored and repaired in order to secure regular fish migration. Maintenance work normally require hand-tools more than heavy equipment but casting of concrete is typical. Depending of the site, removal of sediment, branches, logs and floating debris in pools and fishway entrance is common. Monitoring systems require regular inspection, depending on product and system.

=Relevant MTDs and test cases=
{{Suitable MTDs for Baffle fishways}}
=Classification table=
{{Baffle fishways}}

=Relevant Literature=

[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]