Nature-like fishways - Revision history

Bendikhansen: Text replacement - "category:Measures" to "category:Solutions"

2020-10-26T10:01:37Z

Text replacement - "category:Measures" to "category:Solutions"

Bendikhansen: /* Relevant literature */

2020-09-30T19:33:15Z

Relevant literature

Bendikhansen: /* During planning */

2020-09-30T19:30:26Z

During planning

Jsanz: /* During planning */

2020-05-02T09:29:03Z

During planning

Bendikhansen at 12:09, 6 April 2020

2020-04-06T12:09:36Z

Bendikhansen at 12:44, 12 March 2020

2020-03-12T12:44:35Z

Bendikhansen: Text replacement - "m3" to "m³"

2020-02-21T10:19:18Z

Text replacement - "m3" to "m<sup>3</sup>"

Bendikhansen: Text replacement - "=Useful MTDs=" to "=Relevant MTDs and test cases="

2020-01-21T14:21:52Z

Text replacement - "=Useful MTDs=" to "=Relevant MTDs and test cases="

Bendikhansen at 14:13, 20 January 2020

2020-01-20T14:13:25Z

Bendikhansen: /* Classification table */

2019-10-28T10:38:27Z

Classification table

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:01, 26 October 2020
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	*Fergus T., Hoseth, K. A., Sæterbø, E. (red.). 2010 Vassdragshåndboka, Tapir forlag, Trondheim. ISBN 9788251924252. 428 pp (in Norwegian).		*Fergus T., Hoseth, K. A., Sæterbø, E. (red.). 2010 Vassdragshåndboka, Tapir forlag, Trondheim. ISBN 9788251924252. 428 pp (in Norwegian).

−	[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:~~Measures~~]]	+	[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Solutions]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:33, 30 September 2020
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	=Relevant literature=		=Relevant literature=
		+	*Calles O, Degermann, E., Wickstrøm E, Christiansson J, Wickstrøm H. and Næslund I. 2013. Anordningar för upp- och nedströmspassage av fisk vid vattenanläggningar. Havs- og Vattenmyndigheter. Report number 2013:14
		+	*Calles, O., Christiansson, J., Kläppe, S., Alenäs, I., Karlsson, S., Nyqvist, D. and Hebrand, M. 2015. Slutrapport Hertingprojektet – Förstudie och uppföljning av åtgärder för förbättrad fiskpassage 2007-2015. Teknisk rapport. Naturresurs rinnande vatten, Karlstads universitet
		+	*DWA - Deutsche Vereinigung für Wasserwirtschaft, Abwasser und Abfall. 2014. Merkblatt M-509: Fischaufstiegsanlagen und fischpassierbare Bauwerke ‒Gestaltung, Bemessung, Qualitätssicherung. Hennef, 334 pp.
		+	*Bauerfeind, C. et Dumont, U. 2014. Leitrechen und Bypass-Systeme im Überblick. Fachtagung „Fischwanderung in genutzten Gewässern – Herausforderungen und Lösungen. Biel : 30. Oktober 2014, (http://www.wa21.ch/images/content/g%20veranstaltungen/Biel%202014%2011%20Bauerfeind.pdf), 2014.
		+	*AG-FAH. 2011. Grundlagen für einen österreichischen Leitfaden zum Bau von Fischaufstiegshilfen (FAHs). Bundesministerium für Land- und Forstwirtschaft, Umwelt und Wasserwirtschaft, Wien. 87 pp
		+	*Fergus T., Hoseth, K. A., Sæterbø, E. (red.). 2010 Vassdragshåndboka, Tapir forlag, Trondheim. ISBN 9788251924252. 428 pp (in Norwegian).

	[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]		[[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]

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 ==During planning==
-Planning of a nature-like fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned. This includes measurements of water covered area, water edges and river slope and the bathymetry of the area. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The construction planning should be supported with simple hydraulic modelling or calculations, such as the models River2D, HEC-RAS 2D or OpenFoam. The physical adjustments should then be planned according to the hydraulic calculations, assuring a stable bottom substrate and hydraulic conditions suitable for fish migrations.
+Planning of a nature-like fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned. This includes measurements of water covered area, water edges and river slope and the bathymetry of the area. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The construction planning should be supported with simple hydraulic modelling or calculations, such as the models [[River2D]], [[HEC-RAS]] 2D, [[OpenFOAM]] or [[TELEMAC]]. The physical adjustments should then be planned according to the hydraulic calculations, assuring a stable bottom substrate and hydraulic conditions suitable for fish migrations.
 ==During implementation==

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 ==During planning==
-Planning of a nature-like fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned. This includes measurements of water covered area, water edges and river slope and the bathymetry of the area. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The construction planning should be supported with simple hydraulic modelling or calculations, such as the models River2D, HEC-RAS 2D or OpenFoam (see Chapter 9.1 for references). The physical adjustments should then be planned according to the hydraulic calculations, assuring a stable bottom substrate and hydraulic conditions suitable for fish migrations.
+Planning of a nature-like fishway will start with mapping and surveying of the barrier itself and the river reach upstream and downstream of the barrier. Surveying must also be conducted in the area of the river bank where the fishway is planned. This includes measurements of water covered area, water edges and river slope and the bathymetry of the area. Geographic data should be handled in GIS software for further planning and analyses. The construction planning should be supported with simple hydraulic modelling or calculations, such as the models River2D, HEC-RAS 2D or OpenFoam. The physical adjustments should then be planned according to the hydraulic calculations, assuring a stable bottom substrate and hydraulic conditions suitable for fish migrations.
 ==During implementation==

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:09, 6 April 2020
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		+	[[file:icon_upstream.png\|right\|150px\|link=[[Upstream fish migration]]]]
	=Introduction=		=Introduction=
	[[file:nature_like_fishway_gunz_square.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Figure 1: Nature-like fishway in the River Günz, Germany.]]		[[file:nature_like_fishway_gunz_square.jpg\|thumb\|250px\|Figure 1: Nature-like fishway in the River Günz, Germany.]]

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 =Classification table=
 {{Nature-like fishways}}
 [[category:Upstream fish migration measures]][[category:Measures]]

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 The entrance to the passage should have a defined attraction flow for fish and should be placed close to the migration barrier and in the migration path of the fish. This increases the likelihood that migrating fish will find the entrance to the passage. The location of the entrance area may vary by different river discharges and different fish species, and this should be considered when designing, for example with V-shaped entrance profile, slots in the tahlweg and high bed roughness. In larger rivers and multi species communities, multiple entrances may be required. Also, at the water intake a sloped design that goes down to the river bottom is beneficial, since such a design can withstand a wide range of river discharge. It is not necessary to use sluices that control the water flow in the circulation, but these may still be practical. However, sluice gates must not close the migration corridor. Therefore, the gates should open from the side so that a vertical slot occurs at opening.
-The fishway itself is designed as a river reach past the migration obstacle and is led into or above the dammed area. Many natural-like fishways have been designed as a step-by-step with stable threshold pool sequences. With this the bypass can be relatively short (gradient = 0.1 for salmon). However, it is also possible to design the bypass with lower gradient as riffles, or pool-riffle sequences with dynamic substrate, within erosion-proof boundaries. For salmon and trout, the height difference on individual steps may be up to 50 cm (gradient 0.05-0.1, energy dissipation < 250 W/m3). For adult salmon and anadromous brown trout in steep rivers and large bypasses (> 1 m3/s), the height difference may exceptionally be up to 75 cm if there is a deeper pool below. For grayling and inland trout, height differences of maximum 20 cm (gradient about 0.05-0.08 and with energy dissipation < 150 W/m3) and for carp fishes 10-15 cm (gradient 0.01-0.05 and with energy dissipation < 100-150 W/m3) is recommended (DWA 2014; Dumont et al. 2005).
+The fishway itself is designed as a river reach past the migration obstacle and is led into or above the dammed area. Many natural-like fishways have been designed as a step-by-step with stable threshold pool sequences. With this the bypass can be relatively short (gradient = 0.1 for salmon). However, it is also possible to design the bypass with lower gradient as riffles, or pool-riffle sequences with dynamic substrate, within erosion-proof boundaries. For salmon and trout, the height difference on individual steps may be up to 50 cm (gradient 0.05-0.1, energy dissipation < 250 W/m<sup>3</sup>). For adult salmon and anadromous brown trout in steep rivers and large bypasses (> 1 m<sup>3</sup>/s), the height difference may exceptionally be up to 75 cm if there is a deeper pool below. For grayling and inland trout, height differences of maximum 20 cm (gradient about 0.05-0.08 and with energy dissipation < 150 W/m<sup>3</sup>) and for carp fishes 10-15 cm (gradient 0.01-0.05 and with energy dissipation < 100-150 W/m<sup>3</sup>) is recommended (DWA 2014; Dumont et al. 2005).
-It is often beneficial to establish border vegetation along the fishway to create shelter for migratory fishes. Dimensioning bypass discharge is selected to create a water corridor with sufficient water depth. For most species this depth will be between 1 m in pools and at least 0,3 m in riffles and over weirs. Dimensioning water discharge in nature-like fishways should be at least 0,5 m3/s for salmon, 0,35 m3/s for grayling and 0,2 m3/s for trout. Fishway discharge is also dependent on the size of the river. In Austria, it is recommended for nature-like fishways corresponding to at least 5% of the average river flow for rivers ≤ 20 m3 / s and at least 1-2% for larger rivers (AG-FAH 2011). We recommend using this as a guideline and the type of river, fish species and water supply in the main periods of migration should emphasized. The measure must be dimensioned to withstand floods (Fergus et al. 2010).
+It is often beneficial to establish border vegetation along the fishway to create shelter for migratory fishes. Dimensioning bypass discharge is selected to create a water corridor with sufficient water depth. For most species this depth will be between 1 m in pools and at least 0,3 m in riffles and over weirs. Dimensioning water discharge in nature-like fishways should be at least 0,5 m<sup>3</sup>/s for salmon, 0,35 m<sup>3</sup>/s for grayling and 0,2 m<sup>3</sup>/s for trout. Fishway discharge is also dependent on the size of the river. In Austria, it is recommended for nature-like fishways corresponding to at least 5% of the average river flow for rivers ≤ 20 m<sup>3</sup> / s and at least 1-2% for larger rivers (AG-FAH 2011). We recommend using this as a guideline and the type of river, fish species and water supply in the main periods of migration should emphasized. The measure must be dimensioned to withstand floods (Fergus et al. 2010).
 =[[Methods, tools, and devices]]=

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 Physical habitat measures in regulated rivers must often be maintained to ensure that functions related to flow and sediments are restored, such as flood events and connectivity of the sediments. The frequency of the maintenance will be site-specific
-=Useful MTDs=
+=Relevant MTDs and test cases=
 {{Suitable MTDs for Nature-like fishways}}